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PHP · Question Set
Control Structures & Functions interview questions for placements and exams.
Questions
14
Included in this set
Subject
PHP
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Difficulty
Mixed
Level of this set
Go through each question and its explanation. Use this set as a focused practice pack for PHP.
The break statement stops execution of the current case in a switch block. Without it, PHP continues to the next case.
switch($day){ case 'Mon': echo 'Work'; break; }For complete preparation, combine this set with full subject-wise practice for PHP. You can also explore other subjects and sets from the links below.
Variables inside a function are local by default. To access global variables inside a function, you use the global keyword or the $GLOBALS array.
function show(){ global $x; echo $x; }PHP supports two syntaxes for if statements. The standard uses braces, and the alternate syntax uses a colon with endif for template files.
if ($x > 10) { echo 'Big'; }
// or
if ($x > 10): echo 'Big'; endif;A for loop includes three expressions: initialization, condition, and increment or decrement.
for($i=0; $i<5; $i++){ echo $i; }A while loop checks the condition first, then executes the body. A do-while loop executes once before checking.
while($x < 5){ echo $x; $x++; }In do-while, the body runs once before checking the condition. In while, the condition is checked first.
do { echo $x; $x++; } while ($x < 5);The foreach loop is made for iterating arrays. It can loop through both keys and values easily.
foreach($arr as $val){ echo $val; }Functions are declared using the keyword function, followed by a name and parentheses.
function greet(){ echo 'Hello'; }If a function has no return statement, PHP automatically returns null. This is common for functions that only print or modify data.
function test(){} $x = test(); // nullYou can assign a default value using an equal sign in the parameter list. Example: function add($a=10).
function greet($name='User'){ echo $name; }Nested loops are loops inside another loop. The inner loop runs completely for each iteration of the outer loop. They are often used for multidimensional arrays or patterns.
for($i=0;$i<3;$i++){ for($j=0;$j<3;$j++){ echo $i.$j; } }Recursion means a function calls itself until a condition is met. It is used in problems like factorial or tree traversal. Care must be taken to avoid infinite loops.
function fact($n){ if($n==1) return 1; return $n*fact($n-1); }Anonymous functions are functions without a name. They are used as arguments to other functions or stored in variables. Closures can access variables from their parent scope using the use keyword.
$add = function($a,$b){ return $a+$b; }; echo $add(2,3);When a variable is passed by reference, the function gets the original variable, not a copy. Changes inside the function affect the original. Use an ampersand before the parameter name.
function addOne(&$num){ $num++; } $x=5; addOne($x);