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Linux & Shell Scripting · Question Set
Linux Basics & File System Commands interview questions for placements and exams.
Questions
14
Included in this set
Subject
Linux & Shell Scripting
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Difficulty
Mixed
Level of this set
Go through each question and its explanation. Use this set as a focused practice pack for Linux & Shell Scripting.
The pwd command stands for 'print working directory'. It displays the full absolute path of your current location in the file system. It is useful for verifying where your script or command is being executed.
pwd
For complete preparation, combine this set with full subject-wise practice for Linux & Shell Scripting. You can also explore other subjects and sets from the links below.
mkdir creates a new directory, while rmdir removes an empty one. For non-empty directories, you can use rm -r to delete them recursively.
mkdir newfolder rmdir newfolder
An absolute path specifies the full location starting from the root directory (/). It’s independent of the current directory. A relative path is defined in relation to the current directory and doesn’t start with a slash. It’s shorter but depends on context.
The command cd .. navigates to the parent directory of the current one. Two dots always refer to the directory above the current path.
cd ..
The -r (recursive) flag allows rm to delete directories and their contents. To bypass confirmation prompts, -rf is commonly used but should be applied carefully.
rm -r myfolder
The find command searches for files or directories based on patterns or attributes. It is highly flexible, allowing searches by name, size, or modification time.
find . -name 'config.json'
grep stands for 'global regular expression print'. It searches for specific patterns of text within one or more files. It is often used in pipelines to filter command output.
grep 'error' app.log
Linux follows a hierarchical file structure starting with the root directory (/). Key directories include /bin for essential commands, /etc for configuration files, /home for user data, and /var for logs and variable files.
Piping sends the output of one command directly as input to another, allowing command chaining like grep or sort. Redirection, on the other hand, writes output to a file or reads input from a file. It’s used for saving logs or output results.
Wildcards are special characters used to match file names or patterns. The most common are * for multiple characters and ? for a single character. They are useful in commands like ls, rm, or cp for handling groups of files efficiently.
You can view your previous commands with the history command. Each command is numbered and can be re-run using !number. Aliases let you create shortcuts for long commands using the alias keyword, improving productivity during repeated tasks.
alias ll='ls -alF' unalias ll
The less command displays large text files one page at a time and allows scrolling up or down. It is more memory-efficient than cat for reading log or config files.
less /var/log/syslog
The command ls -a shows all files, including hidden ones that start with a dot. It is commonly used to inspect configuration files like .bashrc or .gitignore.
ls -a
mv is used to move files or rename them. When used between different directories, it transfers the file. If used within the same directory with a new name, it simply renames the file.
mv file.txt /home/user/docs/