Problem Statement
Which statement correctly reflects the difference between a monolithic kernel and a microkernel architecture?
Explanation
In a monolithic kernel architecture many OS services (file system, network stack, device drivers) run in kernel space, giving high performance but larger trusted code base. A microkernel aims to keep the kernel minimal (basic services such as scheduling, IPC) and move other services to user space. This improves modularity, isolation and reliability but can incur overhead from message passing between services.
