Problem Statement
What is thrashing in memory management and how can it be prevented?
Explanation
Thrashing occurs when the system spends the majority of time swapping pages in and out of memory instead of executing actual processes. It happens when too many processes are active and there are insufficient frames to hold their working sets. As a result the CPU utilisation drops. Prevention techniques include reducing the degree of multiprogramming, using working set model to determine how many pages a process needs, allocating enough frames, or implementing local page replacement rather than global. Recognising thrashing and advocating prevention shows maturity in interview responses. :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}
