Problem Statement
Walk through how you would implement robust file I/O handling including exceptions, resource cleanup and logging.
Explanation
First, you surround file operations with try or try-with-resources to ensure cleanup. You catch IOException or higher‐level exceptions, log the file path, error nature and maybe retry or fallback. In finally (or automatically via try-with-resources) you close streams. You validate file existence and permissions before opening. In larger systems you might use abstraction over file I/O to inject mock streams for testing. Documenting and propagating meaningful errors completes the pattern.