Problem Statement
Explain how parameterized queries stop SQL injection and when to add ORM or stored procedure checks.
Explanation
Parameterized queries send the SQL and the data separately. The driver never treats input as code, so injected quotes do not change the query plan. Use prepared statements by default. If you use an ORM, still validate fields and avoid dynamic string concatenation. For complex reports, stored procedures can help, but they must also use parameters. Add least-privilege DB accounts and monitor for unusual query patterns.
Code Solution
SolutionRead Only
SELECT * FROM users WHERE email = ?; // driver binds value, not SQL
