1. What happens during a Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack?
A Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack occurs when multiple compromised systems flood a target server or network with massive amounts of traffic, overwhelming its capacity and making it unavailable to legitimate users. These attacks often use botnets — large networks of infected devices — to send huge volumes of fake requests. Mitigation techniques include traffic filtering, rate limiting, and using DDoS protection services that detect and block malicious traffic before it reaches the target.